A subject in the focus group discovers that another subject has been secretly taping the focus group sessions on his phone. Menstrual hygiene in schools in 2 countries of francophone. Calandro a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts department of mass communications college of arts and sciences university of south florida. The focus group practice involves a number of participants having an open discussion on a specific topic, set by a researcher. Three examples from family and consumer science research. Qualitative data collection and analysis is always messy. The case study as a scientific method is, and has been for a long time, a subject of heavy discussion in the scientific community. Steps for conducting focus groups or individual indepth interviews 1. She demands to know what her family member is saying about her in the focus group sessions.
The number of participants per focus group where reported ranged from 3 to 21 participants with a median of 10 participants. Focus group discussions are useful early on in a study when the researcher wants to gain a. Pengambilan data kualitatif melalui fgd dikenal luas karena kelebihannya dalam memberikan. The practice of segmentation has distinct advantages, the first of which is that it. A focus group study of baby boomers processing and. This case study details the authors first experiences of using a focus group interview in a smallscale qualitative inquiry and documents some of the practical issues surrounding the responsibilities of focus group moderators. Buyersynthesis recruited dozens of participants from the organizations audience for focus group research. A case study one case study will be used as an example of focus group research throughout this article. This method serves to solicit participants attitudes and perceptions, knowledge and experiences, and. A case study one case study will be used as an example of focusgroup research throughout this article. The following is a modified excerpt from applied qualitative research design. We begin this discussion by considering the question of how much analysis is appropriate.
A case study of small scale forest management in slovenia. As such, it represents the first crosscultural social science study based on focus group methodology. Focus group interviewing richard krueger 4 beginning the focus group discussion the first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. Using a focus group discussion method, we collected data from 23 students. Differentiating between focus groups and interviews. More people than ever are using case studies in research, yet there is very little guidance on how to construct case studies effectively. A focus group discussion is a qualitative data collection method that engages 6 to 12 peoplewith. In january of 2014 duraflex hired a leading consulting firm to conduct research to help management. The method aims to obtain data from a purposely selected group of. Saldana j 2016 the coding manual for qualitative researchers.
If subject knowledge is important, communication skills is more important as without expression, the knowledge is of no use. Menstrual hygiene in schools in 2 countries of francophone west africa burkina faso and niger. It is often the case that government planners, product design engineers, and other. Interview focus group complex subject matter and knowledgeable respondents, promote discussion between participants on a specific topic when interviewing one person at a time will yield the best info ex. Icebreak after having greeted the participants, the facilitator asks them to. Participants in the case study were undergraduate students who were asked to take part in some institutional research that was intended to inform university policy on the provision of its it resources. Focus groups as a tool for conducting participatory research. A group discussion hosted by a moderator, focus groups involve anywhere from four to eight participants. The strengths and weaknesses of focus group research. Case study skills how to do a case study gdpi preparation. Evaluation of integrated management of acute malnutrition imam.
There will likely be times in your life when you will be working in a group, possibly many times. As with any research study, the first stage in conducting a quality focus group is to define the study purpose. Pdf a case study based on a focus group discussion on. Steps for conducting focus groups or individual indepth. It is no longer being maintained and the data it contains may no longer be current andor accurate. It is an inexpensive and fast method of acquiring valuable data.
Summary of empirical research comparing focus group and interview data. There were seven median focus group meetings per study. In case if multiple countries were covered in a study, all countries have been noted. We discussed what the organization meant to them, what changes they would like to see, and what effects innovations might have on them. A focus group of parents of preschoolers meets to discuss child care needs. Focus group interviews typically last no longer than 90 minutes in length.
The present article starts with a description of the focus group approach in general, mentioning some of its advantages and disadvantages as a method for basic qualitative social research. A focus group discussion fgd is a qualitative research method and data collection technique in which a selected group of people discusses a given topic or issue indepth, facilitated by a professional, external moderator. Example focus group discussion fgd session plan focus group discussion with lead firms to assess marketbased solutions time. Focus group implies a group discussion in order to identify perceptions, thoughts and impressions of a. In a brief time the moderator must create a thoughtful, permissive atmosphere, provide ground rules, and set the tone of the discussion. Pathfinder international tool series monitoring and evaluation 1 preparing a case study. Swartz then staged 30 focus groups composed of girls 9 to in the living room of her home in concord, mass. In this case, the decision about the program was made quite clear by the focus group discussions. Planning the focus group study p lanning is a task that helps the researcher, the research team, and the client or sponsor of the study. Research suggests that group discussion can cause participant attitudes to become more extreme, which could in turn result in. The focus group is the collaboration of people who come together to make an opinion, put forth their belief and perspective for the product or service initiate, in the company.
How to approach a case study based group discussion. It is used to learn about opinions on a designated topic, and to guide future action. The focus group fg has been actually employed by marketing, and is becoming importanct also in other areas. Authors and year study study context unit of comparison findingsconclusion studies comparing the number of unique items generated f ern 1982 t he use of focus groups for idea generation. A comparison between focusgroup and indepth interview zaharia rodica milena. This is an exploratory research done through a real time focus group discussion carried on with the purpose of analysing the expert opinions of the focus group participants and generating more relevant research questions for which the study can be.
A guide for designing and conducting a case study for evaluation input by palena neale, phd, senior evaluation associate shyam thapa, phd, senior monitoring and evaluation advisor carolyn boyce, ma, evaluation associate may 2006. This document is provided by the agency for toxic substances and disease registry atsdr only as an historical reference for the public health community. In the focus groups, dont include questions for group discussion if you need individual responses. Abstract focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative. While focus groups have been popular in studies of other. The objectives of the focus group discussions were to.
As the exchange of ideas in a group discussion takes place through speech, one. It is conducted in the presence of a moderator who will ensure the results are. A case study, just like a group discussion, is designed to assess certain group performance skills of an individual. Focus group is defined as a small group of carefully selected participants who contribute in open discussions for research about a new product or a feature update or any other topic to generalize the results from this concentrated discussion to the entire population. Drawing on his vast experience of teaching and mentoring researchers, bill gillham here provides a comprehensive guide to this popular method of research. Parents share their views on local child care programs, and on what could be done to improve them. The researcher provides the focus of the discussion, and the data comes from the. A focus group is a smallgroup discussion guided by a trained leader. The process of a casestudy group discussion is almost similar to that of a topical discussion in that there is a preparation time of about 5 minutes, the panel starts the discussion and observes the discussion without moderating it, and the group is at complete liberty to understand, analyse, and interpret the case as it deems appropriate in order to make a recommendation. These time estimates can be used to help manage the focus group discussion.
One case study will be used as an example of focusgroup research throughout this article. For example, when exploring changes in child wellbeing, you may. Fgd focus group discussion gni gross national income. Following are the main advantages of focus group discussion in research. The first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. The groups were segmented by generation, visitation frequency, and when their last visit was. Using reallife examples throughout, case study research methods guides the reader through all the. The difference stems from the fact that a case study tests a larger and slightly different skill set as compared to a normal group discussion. This is critical as it defines how all subsequent activities. Focus group discussion sessions lasted for 90 median minutes.
Researchers from this school owe much to ethnographic studies that focus on both individualswords and. Focus group interviews are an increasingly popular, albeit poorly documented, tool in education research. Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an indepth understanding of social issues. Dos and donts of a positive focus group experience 5. It ensures that everyone on the team is aware of the purpose of the study, that the expected outcomes of the study are identified. This is, in fact, a good example of how useful focus groups can be as evaluative tools. Focus group discussion is a participatory research method that has. Focus groups are a prominent method of enquiry, regularly used within the field of social science and in particular, qualitative research. The focus groups are the groups of intellectuals, professionals who come together to form an opinion for the new product in the company. In many instances, the actual interview is preceded by a snack or light. Depending on the research objective, the focus group can. Depending on the research objective, the focus group can be used alone or in conjunction with other methods. A focus group study of baby boomers processing and interpretations of fear appeals in health care reform political advertising by allyson d.
You may have to lead a discussion as part of a school assignment or you may be responsible for leading a. Instead, you can have the moderator give each participant selfadministered. This evaluation case study report for integrated management of acute malnutrition imam in kenya was commissioned by the unicef evaluation office eo as part of a global evaluation of community. If this is the case, it is important that they follow guidelines agreed by the research team. First, case studies as well as focus group interviews and participatory research approaches. Important skills that a group moderator should possess 3. It is a helpful technique which enables you to study the reaction of consumers to a companys new product or to the companys strategies. Pemahaman tentang fgd istilah kelompok diskusi terarah atau dikenal sebagai focus group discussion fgd saat ini sangat populer dan banyak digunakan sebagai metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian sosial. Advantages and disadvantages of focus groups in research.
1315 893 659 187 1088 658 664 831 1318 299 802 570 1324 711 703 1055 1662 3 1660 381 794 968 432 674 276 549 288 1112 1411 917 244 1057 1447 1259 156 187 171 1399 831 66 500